When you look at the numbers, one thing becomes clear: skilled tradespeople, especially licensed Master Plumbers, often earn as much as — or more than — many college graduates. While a college degree can open doors to a wide range of jobs, becoming a Master Plumber can offer financial stability, flexibility, and high income without the burden of student debt. Let’s take a closer look at how these earnings compare.
The Numbers
Unlicensed or Entry-Level Plumber
For someone just starting out in plumbing or working without a license, earnings are typically in the range of $40,000 to $60,000 per year. These workers may assist licensed plumbers or perform simple repairs and installations under supervision. Because they can’t pull permits or take on complex jobs independently, their earning potential is limited until they gain more experience and certifications.
Master Plumber
Once a plumber earns a master’s license, the pay difference is dramatic. A Master Plumber typically earns anywhere from $80,000 to $160,000 per year, depending on location, experience, and whether they run their own business. In major cities and high-cost regions, annual incomes can easily exceed $150,000 to $180,000. Those who own successful plumbing companies or manage large commercial projects can earn even more.
Average College Graduate
For college graduates, pay varies widely based on the field of study. The average annual earnings for a full-time worker with a bachelor’s degree is around $80,000 to $100,000, while starting salaries often range between $50,000 and $60,000. Some degrees, like engineering or computer science, lead to higher earnings, but others — such as education, communications, or the arts — tend to start and remain on the lower end of the salary scale.
Comparing the Three Paths
To summarize:
- Unlicensed plumber: $40,000–$60,000
- Average college graduate: $50,000–$100,000
- Master plumber: $80,000–$160,000+
At the top end, a Master Plumber can out-earn many degree holders. The difference between an unlicensed plumber and a Master Plumber can easily be $60,000 to $100,000 per year — a result of training, experience, and the authority that comes with licensing.
The comparison with college graduates is also eye-opening. While a bachelor’s degree may offer more varied career options, it often comes with student debt and several years before hitting high-earning potential. A skilled plumber, on the other hand, begins earning income during their apprenticeship and can work toward a master license without taking on large loans.
Why the Big Difference?
- Licensing and Responsibility
Master Plumbers carry legal and professional responsibility for the work they supervise. They can pull permits, design systems, and oversee teams — skills and authority that justify higher pay. - Business Ownership
Many Master Plumbers start their own companies, meaning they earn not only from labor but also from business profits. A successful plumbing company owner can easily bring in six figures or more annually. - Specialization and Experience
Over time, plumbers develop specialized skills in areas such as commercial systems, hydronic heating, or high-efficiency installations. These skills command premium rates in both residential and industrial markets. - Demand and Security
The demand for skilled trades is strong and expected to grow. Plumbing cannot be outsourced or automated easily, making it a reliable and recession-resistant profession. - Cost of Entry
Becoming a Master Plumber requires training and licensing fees, but the total cost is far less than most four-year degrees. The investment often pays off much faster since plumbers start earning during apprenticeship years.
The ROI of the Trade Path
When comparing lifetime earnings and debt, the plumbing trade can offer a better return on investment than many college degrees. A plumber might start earning at age 18 or 19, completing an apprenticeship while making money. By their mid-20s, they could be fully licensed and earning solid income — while many college graduates are just beginning to pay off student loans.
Additionally, Master Plumbers enjoy flexibility that many degree holders do not. They can work for themselves, scale their business, or take on specialized projects that fit their interests. Their income is tied to skill, effort, and reputation rather than corporate hierarchies.
